How To Choose Bait For Swordfish

 Swordfish are often called a 'big-game' fish and rightly so. They are one of the largest predator fish found in the oceans, ranging from 60 to 100 lbs. (30 to 45 kg), with some even reaching 400+ lbs. (180+ kg). The International Game Fish Association recognizes two world records for swordfish: One is 617.5 lbs. (281 kg) caught near Bermuda in 1953, the other is 690 lbs. (311 kg), taken off Brazil in 1979. The IGFA also recognizes a 370 lb. (167 kg) Hawaiian record that appears to have never been broken, at least in terms of weight, with the line-class record remaining at 370 lbs. (167 kg).



Swordfish are found in all the world's oceans, mostly at depths of 100 to 600 ft. (30 to 200 m), although they can be caught as shallow as 20 ft. (6 m) and as deep as 2,000 ft. (610 m). The most popular way these pelagic fish are caught is by trolling with natural bait. Although, they are sometimes taken on teasers, kites and fly rods.


The best time to catch swordfish is during their annual migration from offshore temperate waters to the warm water breeding grounds of tropical lagoons. Swordfish typically follow a clockwise route around North America moving north on the west coasts of the US and Canada, then across to Nova Scotia and down along eastern coast on their way south toward West Indies.


There is a second spawning migration that occurs in the Mediterranean part of the North Atlantic from April through September, after which they move into tropical waters. In Australia, there is a predictable winter migration pattern where anglers are able to hook swordfish from May through September.


Swordfish are found in temperate waters year-round, but the biggest specimens are typically caught during their seasonal migrations. They can be taken anytime of year with no specific season open/closed for them. However, you have a better chance of hooking one when they are in migration or in the spawning season.


Swordfish feed on squid, mackerel, sardines and other large schooling fish. They also eat smaller sunfish like Mahimahi (Coryphaena hippurus), which is often found close to schools of baitfish feeding on plankton. It's that predatory nature they share with the gamefish of saltwater that makes them so desirable to catch.


While trolling with bait is the best way to hook swordfish, it's not the only option. They are also taken on flies and kites, as well as pulled up under balloons equipped with teasers using wire line. These last two methods are fly-fishing techniques, since you are using your fly rod to cast the bait behind your boat and hold it in place.


Just like all other gamefish, swordfish become conditioned to certain types of natural or artificial baits over time. When they are feeding aggressively they will hit almost anything you offer them. However, if they are picky or just not hungry, then you have to find out what they are feeding on and go with the flow.


This is where knowing your local environment as it relates to certain types of baitfish can play a big role in how successful you will be with different lures and baits. In general, swordfish follow a clockwise route around North America, moving up the west coast of Canada and down the east between Nova Scotia and West Indies. If you are fishing from Newfoundland south to Bermuda, you can pretty much count on catching swordfish when trolling around your boat with natural bait.

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